Ford Flathead -moottori

Ford Flathead on Fordin vuodesta 1932 vuoteen 1953 valmistama sivuventtiilimoottori. Sen lempinimi on "flathead" eli "lättäpää". Nimi juontuu sivuventtiileistä, joiden takia moottorin kannet ovat leveät ja matalat.

Vuonna 1937 julkaistiin pienempi 136 cu.in. eli 2,2-litrainen 60 hevosvoiman sivuventtiilinen V8, joka oli tuotannossa Yhdysvalloissa vain vuoteen 1941 saakka, jolloin 3,7-litrainen sivuventtiilikuutonen korvasi sen. Henry Ford itse henkilökohtaisesti sovelsi mikrotason johtamistapaa kehitellessään V8-moottoria neljässä toisistaan erillisessä tuotekehitystiimissä.^[1] Moottorin kaikki tekniset ratkaisut olivat Fordin itsensä hyväksymiä ja suurelta osin myös hänen ideoimiaan.^[2] Sotavuosina V8-moottorin lohkoja valettiin myös Suomessa.^[3] Pikkulättäpää 2,4-litraiseksi suurennettuna oli käytössä suurempien ranskalaisten Ford Vedetten ja Simca Versaillesin voimanlähteenä vielä vuoteen 1961 saakka. Sen jälkeen sama moottori oli käytössä Brasilian Simcan edustusmallien voimanlähteenä ja sivuventtiili-V8 poistui Simcan tuotannosta lopullisesti vasta vuonna 1969.^[4] Kuitenkin, Ranskan armeija käytti flathead-moottoreita vielä 1990-luvun alkupuolella.^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8] Nopein V8 lättäpäämoottorilla varustettu auto lienee Flatfire, joka ylitti maagisena haamurajana pidetyn nopeuden 300 mailia tunnissa vuonna 2002. Moottori on huomattavien muutostenkin jälkeen edelleen aito sivuventtiilimoottori ja tuottaa yli 650 hevosvoiman tehon.^[9]^[10] Uusinta tuotantoa on Motor Cityn 5,36-litrainen alumiininen V8, joka on vaihtokelpoinen vanhan Fordin sivuventtiilimoottorin kanssa.^[11]

Lähteet

↑ Severson, Aaron: Lion in Winter: The Ford Flathead V8 and the Fall of Henry Ford ("Henry Ford did not make it any easier. Including Jimmy Smith’s early work, Ford eventually had four different teams working on the V8, all under his personal supervision. Each team worked in secrecy, largely unaware of each other’s efforts. Each was micromanaged by Ford himself, who often complicated the engineers’ work with his arbitrary and sometimes irrational whims.") January 23, 2010. Ate Up With Motor. Viitattu 27.3.2014. (englanniksi)
↑ Ford Flathead V8 ("Development of the flathead V8 started in 1926, and Henry Ford himself is responsible for many aspects of the design. In particular, he insisted that the engine block be a one piece casting.") 3.2.2013. SystemV. Arkistoitu 27.3.2014. Viitattu 27.3.2014. (englanniksi)
↑ Jaakkonen, Pasi: Tuttu näky? Tämän kaivonkannen tehnyt perheyritys joutui valtavaan ahdinkoon, kun se otti vastaan tilauksen sotakorvauksista Ilta-Sanomat. 17.11.2018. Helsinki: Sanoma Media. Viitattu 17.11.2018. Lainaus: "1918 perustettu valimo oli sotavuosina osallistunut sotaponnisteluihin muun muassa kehittämällä omaa käsikranaattia ja valamalla V8-sylinterilohkoja armeijan loppuun ajettuihin Ford-kuorma-autoihin. Se onnistui, kun valimon johtaja B. M. Lehtonen kävi henkilökohtaisesti Fordin Saksan-tehtailla neuvottelemassa ja hakemassa valmistustyökalut eli valumallit ja -keernalaatikot moottoreihin."
↑ http://www.simca.com.br/
↑ Davis, Marlan: Ford Flathead V8 - The Flathead Guide of Death ("For reasons known only to the crazy French, flatheads were used in French Army trucks through the early '90s. Mullins, a leading purveyor of surplus Jeep and other vintage military parts in Texas, accidentally discovered a warehouse full of brand-new French blocks about to be junked during a European trip searching for Jeep stuff. He bought the entire French stock, and at last count still has at least 500 blocks, 120 complete engines, and over 2,000 rods.") September 29, 2006. Hot Rod Magazine. Viitattu 26.3.2014. (englanniksi)
↑ Munk, Jens: Installation of the French Flathead V8 ("The larger 3.9 l Ford and 4.2 l Mercury engines (3.75" and 4" strokes with 85 to 125 hp) were also made in France for military applications and these engines are the ones that have become available after the French army stopped using them and sold out in the late nineties. The engines have presumably had multiple applications, but they have for sure been used in a four wheel drive heavy duty truck with the name SUMB (Simca Unic Marmon Bocquet).") btc-bci.com. 3.12.2003. Arkistoitu 15.2.2015. Viitattu 26.3.2014. (englanniksi)
↑ "New Generation" Flathead Information (Arkistoitu) ("All New Generation Flathead Engines and Parts were found in France in a surplus military warehouse and shipped to Halibrand for resale. All parts shipped to Halibrand are in surplus stock condition, preserved in containers as service parts for the French military. Parts are not in brand-new condition, but, in most cases, have not been used (run) either. To the best of our knowledge, parts were manufactured from 1962 and ending in the early '90s. ") February, 2001. Halibrand.com. Arkistoitu 11.11.2007. Viitattu 27.3.2014. (englanniksi)
↑ http://flatheaddrag.com/french.html
↑ Flathead Engine Breaks 300 mph Barrier ("Driving with ideal weather and surface conditions, Ron Main, 60, a reinforced steel contractor from Chatsworth, California, recorded an astonishing top speed of 302.203 mph during a one-way run, solid proof that the car, was still accelerating past the timing lights.") Flatfire Racing Team. 14.9.2002. Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah: Main Attractions. Arkistoitu 12.11.2014. Viitattu 27.4.2014. (englanniksi)
↑ FlatFire Home ("Block: Ford 1946 59a V-8 Bore: 3.307 Stroke 4.375 Cubic Inches: 301 Horsepower: 653") Flatfire Racing Team. 21.9.2002. Main Attractions. Arkistoitu 12.11.2014. Viitattu 27.4.2014. (englanniksi)
↑ Nazarian, Vahan: Mark Kirby Brings His New Motor to Our FMRCOA Meeting. The Rotunda Times, kesäkuu 2011, 7. vsk, nro 6, s. 1, 9. Dearborn, Michigan: Ford & Mercury Restorer’s Club of America. Lehden numero kokonaisena. (PDF) Viitattu 1.3.2015. (englanniksi) Lainaus: "The block weighs in at a fraction of the original cast iron engine, a mere 75 pounds, without sleeves installed."

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[1] Severson, Aaron: Lion in Winter: The Ford Flathead V8 and the Fall of Henry Ford ("Henry Ford did not make it any easier. Including Jimmy Smith’s early work, Ford eventually had four different teams working on the V8, all under his personal supervision. Each team worked in secrecy, largely unaware of each other’s efforts. Each was micromanaged by Ford himself, who often complicated the engineers’ work with his arbitrary and sometimes irrational whims.") January 23, 2010. Ate Up With Motor. Viitattu 27.3.2014. (englanniksi)

[2] Ford Flathead V8 ("Development of the flathead V8 started in 1926, and Henry Ford himself is responsible for many aspects of the design. In particular, he insisted that the engine block be a one piece casting.") 3.2.2013. SystemV. Arkistoitu 27.3.2014. Viitattu 27.3.2014. (englanniksi)

[3] Jaakkonen, Pasi: Tuttu näky? Tämän kaivonkannen tehnyt perheyritys joutui valtavaan ahdinkoon, kun se otti vastaan tilauksen sotakorvauksista Ilta-Sanomat. 17.11.2018. Helsinki: Sanoma Media. Viitattu 17.11.2018. Lainaus: "1918 perustettu valimo oli sotavuosina osallistunut sotaponnisteluihin muun muassa kehittämällä omaa käsikranaattia ja valamalla V8-sylinterilohkoja armeijan loppuun ajettuihin Ford-kuorma-autoihin. Se onnistui, kun valimon johtaja B. M. Lehtonen kävi henkilökohtaisesti Fordin Saksan-tehtailla neuvottelemassa ja hakemassa valmistustyökalut eli valumallit ja -keernalaatikot moottoreihin."

[4] ttp://www.simca.com.br/

[5] Davis, Marlan: Ford Flathead V8 - The Flathead Guide of Death ("For reasons known only to the crazy French, flatheads were used in French Army trucks through the early '90s. Mullins, a leading purveyor of surplus Jeep and other vintage military parts in Texas, accidentally discovered a warehouse full of brand-new French blocks about to be junked during a European trip searching for Jeep stuff. He bought the entire French stock, and at last count still has at least 500 blocks, 120 complete engines, and over 2,000 rods.") September 29, 2006. Hot Rod Magazine. Viitattu 26.3.2014. (englanniksi)

[6] Munk, Jens: Installation of the French Flathead V8 ("The larger 3.9 l Ford and 4.2 l Mercury engines (3.75" and 4" strokes with 85 to 125 hp) were also made in France for military applications and these engines are the ones that have become available after the French army stopped using them and sold out in the late nineties. The engines have presumably had multiple applications, but they have for sure been used in a four wheel drive heavy duty truck with the name SUMB (Simca Unic Marmon Bocquet).") btc-bci.com. 3.12.2003. Arkistoitu 15.2.2015. Viitattu 26.3.2014. (englanniksi)

[7] "New Generation" Flathead Information (Arkistoitu) ("All New Generation Flathead Engines and Parts were found in France in a surplus military warehouse and shipped to Halibrand for resale. All parts shipped to Halibrand are in surplus stock condition, preserved in containers as service parts for the French military. Parts are not in brand-new condition, but, in most cases, have not been used (run) either. To the best of our knowledge, parts were manufactured from 1962 and ending in the early '90s. ") February, 2001. Halibrand.com. Arkistoitu 11.11.2007. Viitattu 27.3.2014. (englanniksi)

[8] ttp://flatheaddrag.com/french.html

[9] Flathead Engine Breaks 300 mph Barrier ("Driving with ideal weather and surface conditions, Ron Main, 60, a reinforced steel contractor from Chatsworth, California, recorded an astonishing top speed of 302.203 mph during a one-way run, solid proof that the car, was still accelerating past the timing lights.") Flatfire Racing Team. 14.9.2002. Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah: Main Attractions. Arkistoitu 12.11.2014. Viitattu 27.4.2014. (englanniksi)

[10] FlatFire Home ("Block: Ford 1946 59a V-8 Bore: 3.307 Stroke 4.375 Cubic Inches: 301 Horsepower: 653") Flatfire Racing Team. 21.9.2002. Main Attractions. Arkistoitu 12.11.2014. Viitattu 27.4.2014. (englanniksi)

[11] Nazarian, Vahan: Mark Kirby Brings His New Motor to Our FMRCOA Meeting. The Rotunda Times, kesäkuu 2011, 7. vsk, nro 6, s. 1, 9. Dearborn, Michigan: Ford & Mercury Restorer’s Club of America. Lehden numero kokonaisena. (PDF) Viitattu 1.3.2015. (englanniksi) Lainaus: "The block weighs in at a fraction of the original cast iron engine, a mere 75 pounds, without sleeves installed."

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