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== Lähteet ==
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* Baker, Hugh D. R. (1990). Hong Kong Images: People and Animals. Hong Kong University Press. ISBN 962-209-255-1.
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* Floor, W. (2010). The Persian Gulf: The Rise and Fall of Bandar-e Lengeh: The Distribution Center for the Arabian Coast: 1750-1930. ISBN 1-9338-2339-9.
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* Ghosh, Stanley (1961). Embers in Cathay. Garden City, NY: Doubleday. LCCN 61010347.
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* Giles, Herbert Allen (1915). Confucianism and its Rivals. New York, NY: C. Scribner's Sons. LCCN 15017669.
* Giles, Herbert Allen (1886). A glossary of Reference on Subjects Connected with the Far East (2nd ed.). Hong Kong: Messrs. Lane, Craswford and Co. LCCN 16016428.
* Glassé, Cyril; Smith, Huston (2002). The New Encyclopedia of Islam. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press. ISBN 0-7591-0190-6.
* Gordon, Matthew (2001). The breaking of a thousand swords: A History of the Turkish Military of Samarra: A.H. 200–275/815–889 C.E. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-4795-6.
* Grant, John; Clute, John (1999). "The Encyclopedia of Fantasy". Arabian fantasy. New York, NY: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-19869-8. LCCN 96037472.
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* Hermann, Heinrich (1912). Chinesische Geschichte [Chinese History] (saksaksi). D. Gundert.
* Hill, Donald Routledge (1993). Islamic Science and Engineering. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 0-7486-0455-3. LCCN 94139614.
* Hoiberg, Dale H., ed. (2010). "Abbasid Dynasty". Encyclopedia Britannica. I: A-Ak – Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago, IL. ISBN 978-1-59339-837-8.
* Hoiberg, Dale H., ed. (2010a). "Nestorian". Encyclopedia Britannica. VIII : Menage – Ottawa (15th ed.). Chicago, IL. ISBN 978-1-59339-837-8.
* Holt, Peter M. (1984). "Some Observations on the 'Abbāsid Caliphate of Cairo". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. University of London. 47 (3): 501–507. doi:10.1017/s0041977x00113710.
* Huff, Toby E. (2003). The Rise of Early Modern Science: Islam, China, and the West (2nd ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5218-2302-1. LCCN 2002035017.
* Isichei, Elizabeth (1997). A History of African Societies to 1870. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-5214-5599-2. LCCN 97159218.
* Jenkins, Everett Allo (1999). The Muslim Diaspora: A Comprehensive Reference to the Spread of Islam in Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas. 1. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-0431-0. LCCN 98049332.
* Kennedy, Hugh (1990). "The ʿAbbasid caliphate: a historical introduction". In Ashtiany, Julia; Johnstone, T. M.; Latham, J. D.; Serjeant, R. B.; Smith, G. Rex. ʿAbbasid Belles Lettres. The Cambridge History of Arabic Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–15. ISBN 0-521-24016-6.
* Kennedy, Hugh N. (2004). The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the 6th to the 11th Century (2. painos). Harlow, UK: Pearson Education Ltd. ISBN 0-582-40525-4. LCCN 85016597.
* Kitagawa, Joseph Mitsuo (1989). The Religious Traditions of Asia: Religion, History, and Culture. New York, NY: Macmillan Publishing Co. ISBN 0-0289-7211-2. LCCN 89008129.
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* Magnusson, Magnus; Goring, Rosemary, eds. (1990). "'Abbasids". Cambridge Biographical Dictionary. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-39518-6. LCCN 90001542.
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* Mikaberidze, Alexander (2004). "The Georgian Mameluks in Egypt". The Napoleon Series.
* Mottahedeh, Roy (1975). "The ʿAbbāsid Caliphate in Iran". In Frye, R. N. The Cambridge History of Iran. 4: From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 57–90. ISBN 978-0-521-20093-6.
* Ahmed, Leila (1992). Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-05583-2.
* Moule, Arthur Evans (1914). The Chinese People: A Handbook on China. New York, NY: London Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. LCCN 14001359.
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