Ero sivun ”Beetakarboliini” versioiden välillä
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Rivi 7:
| massa = 168,195
| tiheys =
| sulamispiste = 199 °C<ref name="nlm"/>
| sulamispiste = 199 °C<ref name="nlm">[http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/ProxyServlet?objectHandle=DBMaint&actionHandle=default&nextPage=jsp/chemidheavy/ResultScreen.jsp&ROW_NUM=0&TXTSUPERLISTID=0000244633 Physical properties: Norharman] NLM Viitattu 04.03.2013</ref>▼
| kiehumispiste =
| liukoisuus =
Rivi 15:
== Farmakologia ==
β-Karboliini [[alkaloidi|alkaloideja]] löytyy laajalti kasveista ja eläimistä, useimmiten ne vaikuttavat [[MAO-estäjä|monoamiinioksidaasi inhibiittoreina]] (MAOI).<ref
== Kemia ==
[[Kuva:Betacarbolines.png|thumb|Substituoitujen β-karboliinien yleinen rakenne]]
β-Karboliinit kuuluvat [[indoli]] [[alkaloidi]]en ryhmään ja koostuvat [[pyridiini]]renkaasta joka on yhdistynyt indolirankaan.<ref
== Esiintyminen luonnossa ==
Yleisimpiä kasvikunnasta löytyviä β-karboliineja ovat [[harmiini]], [[harmaliini]] ja [[tetrahydroharmiini]]. Tunnetuimmat kasvikunnan lähteet lienevät [[kahvi]] ja [[tupakka]].<ref name="kahvi" />
[[Skorpioni]]en kuoren sarveiskerros sisältää β-karboliineja, tehden niiden ihosta [[fluoresenssi|fluoresoivan]] kun sitä altistetaan tietyn aallonpituiselle [[ultraviolettivalo]]lle, tämä onnistuu esimerkiksi blacklightin valolla.<ref
== Lähteet ==
{{Viitteet
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<ref name="BP77">[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0006295277900077 Monoamine oxidase inhibition in brain and liver produced by β-carbolines: structure-activity relationships and substrate specificity]</ref>
<ref name="kahvi">[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0024320505007514 Human monoamine oxidase enzyme inhibition by coffee and β-carbolines norharman and harman isolated from coffee]</ref>
<ref name="four">{{cite journal | author = Airaksinen, M. M., Huang, J. T., Ho, B. T., Taylor, D., and Walker, K. | year = 1978 | journal = Acta Pharmacol Toxicol | volume = 43 | pages = 375–380 | doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1978.tb02281.x | title = The Uptake of 6-Methoxy-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-β-carboline and its Effect on 5-Hydroxytryptamine Uptake and Release in Blood Platelets | issue = 5}}</ref>
<ref name="part1">{{cite journal | author = Airaksinen, M. M. and Kari, I.| year = 1981 | journal = Medical biology | volume = 59| pages = 21-34 | doi = | title = Beta-carbolines, psychoactive compounds in the mammalian body. Part I: Occurrence, origin and metabolism| issue = 1}}</ref>
<ref name="part2">{{cite journal | author = Airaksinen, M. M. and Kari, I.| year = 1981 | journal = Medical biology | volume = 59| pages = 190-211 | doi = | title = beta-Carbolines, psychoactive compounds in the mammalian body. Part II: Effects.| issue = 4}}</ref>
<ref name="tryptoline-Peura">{{cite journal | author = Peura, P., Johnson, J. V., Yost, R. A. and Faull, K. F. | year = 1989 | journal = Journal of Neurochemistry | volume = 52 | pages = 847–852 | doi = 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb02531.x | title = Concentrations of Tryptoline and Methtryptoline in Rat Brain| issue = 3}}</ref>
<ref name="JP81">[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0014299981901734 Benzodiazepine antagonism by harmane and other β-carbolines in vitro and in vivo]</ref>
<ref name="MB81">[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/abstract/MED/6121956/reload=0;jsessionid=hqULRDlxQapzsgzG8hM1.2 beta-Carbolines, psychoactive compounds in the mammalian body. Part II: Effects.]</ref>
<ref name="ratsch2005">The Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants: Ethnopharmacology and its Applications. Ratsch, Christian. Park Street Press c. 2005</ref>
<ref name="synteesi">Baiget, Jessica; Llona-Minguez, Sabin; Lang, Stuart; MacKay, Simon P; Suckling, Colin J; Sutcliffe, Oliver B (2011). "Manganese dioxide mediated one-pot synthesis of methyl 9H-pyrido[3,4-bindole-1-carboxylate: Concise synthesis of alangiobussinine"]. Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 7: 1407–11. DOI:10.3762/bjoc.7.164. PMC 3201054. PMID 22043251.</ref>
<ref name="rööki">[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006291X04025999 Human monoamine oxidase is inhibited by tobacco smoke: β-carboline alkaloids act as potent and reversible inhibitors]</ref>
<ref name="uv-skorpparit">Stachel SJ, Stockwell SA, Van Vranken DL (August 1999). "The fluorescence of scorpions and cataractogenesis". Chem. Biol. 6 (8): 531–9. DOI:10.1016/S1074-5521(99)80085-4. PMID 10421760.</ref>
}}
== Aiheesta muualla ==
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