source code for plotting a water turbine chart
%
% The code generates only a basic image, to get the logarithmic scale right.
% The final work has to be done in inkscape.
% by Jahobr 2017-01-10

%%  Definitions

fontToUse = 'Helvetica';
set(0, 'defaultAxesFontName', fontToUse)
set(0, 'defaultTextFontName', fontToUse)

foSizeToUse = 10;
set(0, 'DefaultTextFontSize', foSizeToUse);
set(0, 'DefaultAxesFontSize', foSizeToUse);

flowRange   = [0.02 1000]; % x
XTickValues = [0.02 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 500 1000];
heightRange = [0.2 2000]; % y
YTickValues = [0.2 0.5 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 500 1000 2000];

%% ##################### Data #########################

%% Pelton Turbine
dat = struct;
dat.Pelton.name = 'Pelton'; 
%             flow  height
PelDubble =  [0.5   110 % Source Voith / Dubbel
              30    250
              50    700
              30    1000
              5     1900
              0.5   1900];
PelBieudron = [5    1900 % connect in with Dubble Area
               5    700  % connect in with Dubble Area
              50    700  % connect in with Dubble Area
              25    1900]; % 2010 Record [[:w:Bieudron_Hydroelectric_Power_Station|Bieudron_Hydroelectric_Power_Station]]
PelAndritz = [0.038 60   % Source Andritz
              5     60
              12    300
              3.5   1000
              0.02  1000
              0.02  115];
[MergeX,MergeY] = polybool('union', PelDubble(:,1), PelDubble(:,2),...
    PelBieudron(:,1), PelBieudron(:,2));
[MergeX,MergeY] = polybool('union', MergeX, MergeY,...
    PelAndritz(:,1), PelAndritz(:,2));
dat.Pelton.patch = [MergeX MergeY];   
dat.Pelton.color = [0.7 0 0.7]; 
dat.Pelton.style = 'full';

%% Kaplan Turbine
dat.Kaplan.name = 'Kaplan';
%             flow    height
KapDubbel =  [1.5     2 % Source Voith / Dubbel
              50      2
              1400    16
              750     30
              50      70 % top
              12      70 % top
              1       12
              1       3];
KapAndritz = [1.1     2 % Source Andritz
              40      2
              40      4
              10.8    30
              4       30
              0.5     7
              0.5     4.5];
                  
[MergeX,MergeY] = polybool('union', KapDubbel(:,1), KapDubbel(:,2),...
    KapAndritz(:,1), KapAndritz(:,2));
dat.Kaplan.patch = [MergeX MergeY];
dat.Kaplan.color = [0 0.5 0]; 
dat.Kaplan.style = 'full';

%% Francis Turbine
dat.Francis.name = 'Francis'; 
%             flow   height
FraDubbel =  [0.8    10 % Source Voith / Dubbel
              50     10
              1600   70
              340    340
              80     800
              5      800
              0.8    200];
FraAndritz = [0.33   7 % Source Andritz
              2      7
              8      40
              7      150
              2      150
              0.2    35
              0.2    11.5];
[MergeX,MergeY] = polybool('union', FraDubbel(:,1), FraDubbel(:,2),...
    FraAndritz(:,1), FraAndritz(:,2));
dat.Francis.patch = [MergeX MergeY];
dat.Francis.color = [0 0.3 0.7]; 
dat.Francis.style = 'full';

%% Cross-flow or Ossberger   
dat.Ossberger.name = 'Ossberger';
%                       flow  height
dat.Ossberger.patch =  [0.8   2.5  % source http://www.ossberger.de/cms/fileadmin/user_upload/1-1-02.pdf
                        7     3.5
                        12    10   % right
                        12    25   % right
                        7     85
                        4     120
                        0.2   200  % top
                        0.05  200  % top
                        0.04  100  % left
                        0.04  50]; % left
dat.Ossberger.color = [0.7 0.3 0];
dat.Ossberger.style = 'full';

%% OSW
dat.Wasserrad.name = 'Wasserrad';
%                      flow          height
dat.Wasserrad.patch = [flowRange(1)  heightRange(1) % left bottom
                       5             heightRange(1) % right bottom
                       5             1              % right
                       3             2    % corner zuppinger
                       1.4           4.2  % RSW/MWS
                       0.75          8    % OSW/RWS
                       0.5           12   % top
                       flowRange(1)  12]; % top
dat.Wasserrad.color = [0.4 0 0.7]; 
dat.Wasserrad.style = 'full'; % 'subsection' 

dat.OSW.name = 'OSW';
%                 flow           height
dat.OSW.patch =  [flowRange(1)   2.6 % left bottom
                  0.4            2.6
                  0.75           8
                  0.5            12
                  flowRange(1)   12];
dat.OSW.color = [0.4 0 0.7]; 
dat.OSW.style = 'subsection'; % 'full' 

%% RSW
dat.RSW.name = 'RSW'; %  rückenschlächtig
%                flow           height
dat.RSW.patch = [0.4            2.6 % left
                 1.4            4.2 % right
                 0.75           8]; % top
dat.RSW.color = [0.4 0 0.7]; 
dat.RSW.style = 'subsection'; % 'full' 

%% MSW
dat.MSW.name = 'MSW'; % mittelschlächtig
%                flow           height
dat.MSW.patch = [flowRange(1)   1.5
                 3              2
                 1.4            4.2
                 0.4            2.6
                 flowRange(1)   2.6];
dat.MSW.color = [0.4 0 0.7]; 
dat.MSW.style = 'subsection'; % 'full' 

%% Zulppinger
dat.Zulppinger.name = 'Zuppinger'; % Zuppinger +  Kropfrad + Poncelet-Rad
%                       flow           height
dat.Zulppinger.patch = [flowRange(1)   0.5
                        5              1
                        3              2
                        flowRange(1)   1.5];
dat.Zulppinger.color = [0.4 0 0.7]; 
dat.Zulppinger.style = 'subsection'; % 'full' 

%% USW
dat.USW.name = 'USW'; % unterschlächtig
%                flow          height
dat.USW.patch = [flowRange(1)  heightRange(1)
                 5             heightRange(1)
                 5             1
                 flowRange(1)  0.5];
dat.USW.color = [0.4 0 0.7]; 
dat.USW.style = 'subsection'; % 'full' 


%% Archimedes Screw
dat.Screw.name = 'Wasserkraftschnecke'; 
%                  flow    height
dat.Screw.patch =  [0.25   1   % left bottom
                    10     1   % right bottom
                    10     9   % right top  
                    0.25   9]; % left top
dat.Screw.color = [0.8 0 0]; 
dat.Screw.style = 'full'; % 'subsection' 

%% VLH Kaplan 
dat.VLH.name = 'VLH';
%                 flow  height
dat.VLH.patch =  [10    1.5   % left bottom %   % http://www.vlh-turbine.com/gamma
                  10    4.5   % right bottom
                  27    4.5   % right top  
                  27    1.5]; % left top  
dat.VLH.color = [0.0 0.5 0.5];
dat.VLH.style = 'full';

%% DIVE-Turbine
dat.DIVE.name = 'DIVE';
%                 flow  height
dat.DIVE.patch =  [1.95  2   % left bottom %   % http://www.dive-turbine.de/pages/de/technologie/einsatzbereich.php
                  30     2   % right bottom
                  40     6   % right
                  9.6    25  % right top  
                  0.6    25  % left top  
                  0.6    6]; % left   
dat.DIVE.color = [0.8 0.8 0.0];
dat.DIVE.style = 'full';

%% ########################### figure #######################
figH = figure(55824);
clf;
axeH  = axes;
hold on
box on
set(axeH,'XScale','log','yScale','log')
xlim(flowRange)
ylim(heightRange)
grid off % matlab grid does not work nicely


set(axeH,'XTick',XTickValues);
strrep(cellstr(num2str(YTickValues(:))),'.',',')

set(axeH,'YTick',YTickValues);
strrep(cellstr(num2str(YTickValues(:))),'.',',')

set(axeH,'YMinorTick','off'); % matlab ticks do not work nicely
set(axeH,'XMinorTick','off'); % matlab ticks do not work nicely

set(axeH,'XMinorGrid','off'); % matlab ticks do not work nicely
set(axeH,'YMinorGrid','off'); % matlab ticks do not work nicely

xlabel('Schluckvolumen [m^3/s]')
ylabel('Fallhöhe [m]')

%% plot Patches Background
% Renderer 'opengl' does not support log axes and 'painters' does not support transparency
% 'EdgeAlpha' and 'FaceAlpha' cannot be used.
% Transparency must be done in [[:File:Post-production|Post-production]] using inkscape.

for type = fieldnames(dat)'
    if strcmp(dat.(type{1}).style(1),'f') % 'full'
        patch(dat.(type{1}).patch(:,1),dat.(type{1}).patch(:,2),dat.(type{1}).color,...
            'FaceColor',dat.(type{1}).color,...
            'EdgeColor','none');
    end
end

%% Grid and Ticks

% create own grid
for nTick = XTickValues(2:end-1)
    plot([nTick nTick],[heightRange(1) heightRange(2)],':','color',[0.5 0.5 0.5]) % draw grid line
end
for nTick = YTickValues(2:end-1)
    plot([flowRange(1) flowRange(2)],[nTick nTick],':','color',[0.5 0.5 0.5]) % draw grid line
end

% create own minor ticks
baseHeightForPowerTick = heightRange(1);
for minTick = 1:9
    for orderMag = 10.^[-2:4]
        posValue = minTick*orderMag;
        if flowRange(1) < posValue && posValue < flowRange(2)
            plot([posValue posValue],[heightRange(1) heightRange(1)*1.15],'k') % draw tick line
            plot([posValue posValue],[heightRange(2) heightRange(2)/1.15],'k') % draw tick line
        end
        if heightRange(1) < posValue && posValue < heightRange(2)
            plot([flowRange(1) flowRange(1)*1.15],[posValue posValue],'k') % draw tick line
            plot([flowRange(2) flowRange(2)/1.15],[posValue posValue],'k') % draw tick line
        end
    end
end

% create power grid
textRot = -43;
Efficency = 0.85; % 0.9;
for PowerGrid = [1 2 5] % [1 3]
    for orderMag = 10.^[-1:6] 
        currentPower = PowerGrid*orderMag;%  in kW
        xPowerGrid = [flowRange(1) currentPower/9.81/Efficency/heightRange(1)];
        yPowerGrid = [currentPower/9.81/Efficency/flowRange(1) heightRange(1)];
        plot(xPowerGrid,yPowerGrid,'b:') % draw power line
        
        if currentPower >= 10^6
            powerText = [num2str(currentPower/10^6) ' GW'];
        elseif currentPower >= 1000
            powerText = [num2str(currentPower/1000) ' MW'];
        elseif currentPower >= 1
            powerText = [num2str(currentPower)      ' kW'];
        else
            powerText = [num2str(currentPower*1000) ' W'];
        end
        text(10.^mean(log10(xPowerGrid)),10.^mean(log10(yPowerGrid)),powerText,...
            'HorizontalAlignment','center','VerticalAlignment','bottom',...
            'FontName',fontToUse,'Rotation',textRot,'color','b');
        
    end
end

% create minor power ticks
for minTick = 1:9
    for orderMag = 10.^[-1:6]
        posValue = minTick*orderMag;
        xPowerTick(1) = posValue/9.81/Efficency/nthroot(posValue*0.0015,2.05);  % the factor determins the up/down position of the tick; the nth-root the angle,
        yPowerTick(1) = posValue/9.81/Efficency/xPowerTick(1);
        
        xPowerTick(2) = posValue/9.81/Efficency/nthroot(posValue*0.001,2.05); % the factor difference determins the length of the ticks
        yPowerTick(2) = posValue/9.81/Efficency/xPowerTick(2);
        
        if heightRange(1) < yPowerTick(2) && xPowerTick(2) < flowRange(2)
            plot(xPowerTick,yPowerTick,'b') % draw power tick
        end
    end
end

%% plot patch-edges
for type = fieldnames(dat)'
    if strcmp(dat.(type{1}).style(1),'f') % 'full'
        patch(dat.(type{1}).patch(:,1),dat.(type{1}).patch(:,2),dat.(type{1}).color,...
            'FaceColor','none',...
            'EdgeColor',dat.(type{1}).color,...
            'LineWidth',1);
        text(mean( dat.(type{1}).patch(:,1) ),mean( dat.(type{1}).patch(:,2) ), dat.(type{1}).name,...
            'HorizontalAlignment','center','VerticalAlignment','middle',...
            'FontName',fontToUse,'color',dat.(type{1}).color,'FontWeight','bold','FontSize', foSizeToUse+1);
    else % 'subsection';
        patch(dat.(type{1}).patch(:,1),dat.(type{1}).patch(:,2),dat.(type{1}).color,...
            'FaceColor','none',...
            'EdgeColor',dat.(type{1}).color,...
            'LineWidth',0.5);
        text(mean( dat.(type{1}).patch(:,1) ),mean( dat.(type{1}).patch(:,2) ), dat.(type{1}).name,...
            'HorizontalAlignment','center','VerticalAlignment','middle',...
            'FontName',fontToUse,'color',dat.(type{1}).color);
    end
end

%% Final
text(225,1.8,{'Hilfslinien mit'; 'Wirkungsgrad'; 'Annahme:'; ['{\it\mu}=' strrep(num2str(Efficency),'.',',')]},...
            'HorizontalAlignment','left','VerticalAlignment','top',...
            'FontName',fontToUse,'Rotation',textRot,'color','b');
        
plot2svg('Kennfeld Wasserturbinen.svg',figH) % by Juerg Schwizer, See http://www.zhinst.com/blogs/schwizer/ 
% now follows "post-production" using inkscape